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In Greek mythology, Atlas (; ) was the Titan who held up the sky. Although associated with various places, he became commonly identified with the Atlas Mountains in northwest Africa (Modern-day Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DA%3Aentry+group%3D53%3Aentry%3Datlas-bio-1 )〕 Atlas was the son of the Titan Iapetus and the Oceanid Asia〔Pseudo-Apollodorus, ''Bibliotheke'' i.2.3.〕 or Clymene.〔Hesiod (''Theogony'' 359 (a daughter of Tethys ), 507) gives her name as Clymene but the ''Bibliotheca'' (1.8) gives instead the name ''Asia'', as does Lycophron (1411). It is possible that the name ''Asia'' became preferred over Hesiod's ''Clymene'' to avoid confusion with what must be a different Oceanid named Clymene, who was mother of Phaethon by Helios in some accounts.〕 According to the ancient Greek poet Hesiod Atlas stood at the ends of the earth towards the west.〔Hesiod, Theogony 515〕 In contexts where a Titan and a Titaness are assigned each of the seven planetary powers, Atlas is paired with Phoebe and governs the moon.〔Classical sources: Homer, ''Iliad'' v.898; Apollonius Rhodius ii. 1232; ''Bibliotheke'' i.1.3; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' 113; Stephanus of Byzantium, under "Adana"; Aristophanes ''Birds'' 692ff; Clement of Rome ''Homilies vi.4.72.〕 Hyginus emphasises the primordial nature of Atlas by making him the son of Aether and Gaia.〔Hyginus, Preface to ''Fabulae''.〕 The first part of the term ''Atlantic Ocean'' refers to "Sea of Atlas", the term ''Atlantis'' refers to "island of Atlas". ==Etymology== The etymology of the name ''Atlas'' is uncertain. Virgil took pleasure in translating etymologies of Greek names by combining them with adjectives that explained them: for Atlas his adjective is ''durus'', "hard, enduring",〔''Aeneid'' iv.247: "''Atlantis duri''" and other instances; see Robert W. Cruttwell, "Virgil, Aeneid, iv. 247: 'Atlantis Duri'" ''The Classical Review'' 59.1 (May 1945), p. 11.〕 which suggested to George Doig〔George Doig, "Vergil's Art and the Greek Language" ''The Classical Journal'' 64.1 (October 1968, pp. 1-6) p. 2.〕 that Virgil was aware of the Greek τλῆναι "to endure"; Doig offers the further possibility that Virgil was aware of Strabo's remark that the native North African name for this mountain was ''Douris''. Since the Atlas mountains rise in the region inhabited by Berbers, it has been suggested that the name might be taken from one of the Berber, specifically ''ádrār'' 'mountain'.〔Strabo, 17.3;〕 Traditionally historical linguists etymologize the Ancient Greek word Ἄτλας (genitive: Ἄτλαντος) as comprised from copulative α- and the Proto-Indo-European root '' *telh₂-'' 'to uphold, support' (whence also τλῆναι), and which was later reshaped to an nt-stem. However, Robert Beekes argues that it cannot be expected that this ancient Titan carries an Indo-European name, and that the word is of Pre-Greek origin, and such words often end in ''-ant''.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Atlas (mythology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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